The Volumes of the Project of History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization aim to discover the central aspects of India’s heritage and present them in an interrelated manner. In spite of their unitary look, these volumes recognize the difference between the areas of material civilization and those of their unitary look, these volumes recognize the difference between the areas of material civilization and those of ideational culture. The Project is not being executed by a single group of thinkers, methodologically uniform or ideologically identical in their commitments. Rather, contributions are made by different scholars of diverse ideological persuasions and methodological approaches. The project is marked by what may be called ‘methodological pluralism’. In spite of its primarily historical character, this project, both in its conceptualization and execution, has been shaped by scholars drawn from different disciplines. It is the first time that an endeavour of such unique and comprehensive character has been undertaken to study critically a major world civilization. The history of science and philosophy of science, seemingly two different disciplines of study, are in fact closely linked. The history of science is concerned mainly with the historical analysis of scientific ideas, refined by suitable modifications in subsequent periods. The philosophy of science teaches us that science does not give us the final truth and that it makes mistakes. What science propounds is, in principle, replaceable. History of science and Philosophy of Science, a primarily interdisciplinary study, ideas with the historical and philosophical perspectives of science and explores the mutuality of the relations between the two disciplines. To present the study in a reader-friendly format, it has been divided into two parts, with the first volume (Part 6) dedicated to the ‘history’ of science and the second volume (Part 7) to the ‘philosophy’ of science. The first volume, History of Science and Philosophy of Science: A Historical Perspective of the Evolution of Ideas in Science, seeks to present a history of science where science is believed to proceed along with the operation of a number of mechanisms that are instrumental to its growth, thus making science a part of a creative culture. This part works out the relation not between history and the history of science, but between science and the history of science, but between science and the history of science. Though the volume focuses mainly on physics and mathematics, it also includes essays on life sciences and consciousness studies. The order of essays is guided not by chronology but by a philosophical interpretation of the development of major reforms and revisions in the field of science both in India and abroad. Some authors have paid full attention to Indian science and it logic, while some others have preferred to deal with Western science. Presented in a fairly non-technical language and readily accessible even to non-specialists, these volumes will be of interest to researchers and well-informed general readers.